Group 10 (primary phase)

Edward I Cl 10ab1 Penny London.jpg

Type 10ab1 (1301) - Spink 1409B, North 1039/1

Coins of type 10ab1 are transitional between 9b and 10, and a few very early examples (designated 10ab1a) retain the trifoliate crown of the earlier type. On most examples (designated 10ab1b), however, the crown is recut to a bifoliate form, as used on all subsequent types. The portrait is also that of 9b, but the king’s name is now EDWAR, and new lettering with a distinctive tall-limbed A is used. True coins are known only of Canterbury, those of London are always muled with 9a, 9b or 10a2 reverses, and those of Newcastle with 10ab3 reverses. The coin illustrated is of type 10ab1b.

King’s name: EDWAR, EDWR (very rarely)
Mints: Canterbury, London, Newcastle-on-Tyne

Edward I Cl 10ab2 Penny London.jpg

Type 10ab2 (1301 - 1302) - Spink 1409; North 1038/1

Coins of type 10ab2 continue to have the same modified bifoliate crown as those of 10ab1. The lettering, however, is new, with the W typically formed by two overlapping V’s. The abbreviation of the king’s name, EDWARD, is the longest form used in the series, and only occurs in 10ab2 (known as the ‘large lettering’ type) and 10ab3 (known as the ‘small lettering' type). Mules of 10ab2 with reverses of type 9 are far more common than true coins, and all London coins are muled in this way.

King’s name: EDWARD, EDWAR (anomalous)
Mints: Canterbury, Durham, London, Newcastle-on-Tyne

Edward I Cl 10ab3 Penny London.jpg

Type 10ab3 (1302 - 1303) - Spink 1409; North 1038/2

The earliest coins of this type have the same modified bifoliate crown as those of 10ab1 and 10ab2, but a new taller crown is introduced during the issue. Coins with the earlier crown are designated 10ab3a, and those with the later one are designated10ab3b. The lettering is smaller than that of 10ab2 (the difference in size of the letter A is very noticeable), and includes three different forms of S (flat-topped, top-tilted and broken-backed). True coins occur of type 10ab3, but obverses also occur muled with reverses of type 9 and 10ab2. The coin illustrated is of type 10ab3a.

King’s name: EDWARD
Mints: Bury, Canterbury, Durham, London

Edward I Cl 10ab4 Penny London.jpg

Type 10ab4 (1303) - Spink 1409B, North 1039/2

Coins of type 10ab4 have the tall crown introduced during 10ab3. They are readily recognisable by the unusual abbreviation of the king’s name, EDWR. Another useful indicator is that there are usually contractive marks after R, ANGL and HYB. They are normally found as true coins.

King’s name: EDWR
Mints: Bury, Canterbury, London

Edward I Cl 10ab5 Penny Canterbury.jpg

Type 10ab5 (1303 - 1305) - Spink 1409B, North 1039/3

Coins of type 10ab5 have the tall crown introduced during 10ab3, or a later one of coarser workmanship, but of generally similar form. The king’s name is again abbreviated to EDWAR, but there is little chance of confusion with other coins in the group, as the form was only otherwise used in 10ab1, when the crown was of the earlier type.

King’s name: EDWAR
Mints: Canterbury, Durham, London

Edward I Cl 10ab6 Penny Bury.jpg

Type 10ab6 (1305) - Spink -, North 1039/4

Coins of type 10ab6 may have either of the two crowns used in 10ab5. The king’s name on this type, however, is abbreviated to EDWA, so it is unlikely to be confused with any other coin in the group. EDWA is used almost universally throughout the secondary phase of group 10, but in all cases the crowns are markedly different from those of 10ab6. The stub-tailed letter R, used throughout the secondary phase of group 10, occurs for the first time on 10ab6.

King’s name: EDWA
Mints: Bury, Canterbury, London


10x Note

A coin type designated 10x has an obverse of type 9b or 9c and a reverse of type 10ab1 to 10ab3. An example is illustrated and further described in the Group 9 section of this article.

10ab2 Note

10ab2 was not described or illustrated either by Burns or the Foxes.

10ab3 Note 1

10ab3a corresponds to 10a in the Fox classification.

10ab3 Note 2

A rare variety of this type exists with an annulet on the breast. A similar mark occurs on a rare variety of type 1d, which the Foxes suggested might have been struck for the benefit of the abbey of Reading.

10ab5 Note

10ab5 corresponds to 10b in the Fox classification.

 


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